Telefunken RA770 Operator's Manual — Chapter 2: Operation and Control (Section 3)
Section 3
Operation and Control
CONTENTS
Page
3 Operation and Control 3-1
Seitic Selection 3-2
Zetieihe Push-Buttons for Decade Selection
of Computing Elements 3-2
3ete2e Address Indication on Digital
Voltmeter Display 3-3
3.1.3. Control Push-Buttons for
Selection 3-5
Zedic Timers 3-7
Siew erke Programs of the Digital Control
Unit 3-7
Ke a Setting of Timers 3-12
353 Control Elements on Digital
Control Unit 3-15
331. Push-Buttons for Mode Control:
"Pause", "“Compute","Hold",
"Continue" 3-17
Sededs Push-Buttons for Program Selection:
"Dauer", "mit Halt", "Repet.",
“Tt. aut.", “Tt, Handa” 3-20
SedeSe Program "Single Run" (1 x R) 3-24
3e3u 4. Push-Buttons for Parallel Switching
Functions and External Control:
"Eigen", "“Fremd" 3-25
Ne ee Notes for Push-Buttons "Progr."
“pot'=.", "Noll", “stat.", “*dyn.* 3-26
2 Pe Push-Button for Overload Stop 3-26
= ee Control Function of the Digital
Adapter Unit 3-28
3.4.15 Push-Buttons of Digital Adapter
Unit Stop, Run, L6, HT 3-29
Scecus Clocks and Control Signals of DPF 3-30
3.463. Program Control via the DPF 3-34
3.4.4. Control of Input and Output Devices 3-42
3.4.5. Control Data Transfer between Digi-
tal Adapter Unit and Hybrid Coup-
ling Unit 3-44
3.4.6. Cross-Connection Lines 3-47
3.4.7. Alphabetic Listing of Jacks on the
DPF 3-48
3:5 Sie Internal Output Devices 3-51
SRS Digital Voltmeter 3-51
3.5.1.1. General 3-51
3.5.1.2. Measuring Sequence 3-52
3.5.1.3. Calibration 3-53
3.5.1.4. Printer Control : 3-53
Se Dual-Beam Storage Oscilloscope
HPO 771 3-56
3.5.2.1. General 3-56
3.5.2.2. Operation 3-57
3.6. Balancing and Testing 3-58
daGai tre Zero-Instrument 3-58
3.6.3.62.4.
3.6.3.3.
3.6.3.3.1.
3.6.3.3.2.
356.3.323'5
3.6.4.
3.6.5.
3.6.6.
3.6.6.1.
3.6.6.2.
3.6.6.3.
3.6.6.4.
3.6.7.
3.6.8.
Balancing of the Time Sweep
Generator
Zero-Balancing of the Opera-
tional Amplifiers Push-Button
"Zero" :
Operational Amplifiers with
Addresses 0 to 5
Op.Amps.of Adapter Units
Drawer Function Generator VFG 801
Drawer Non-Linear Networks NNT
801 1)
Drawer Electronic Resolver ERS
702
Drawer Non-Linear Networks NNT
771
Drift-Compensated Operational
Amplifiers
Amplifiers Allocated to the NN-
Computer Magazine
C-Inverterw
Inverters in the Noise Generators-
Amplifier Magazine
Static Program Check, Push-
Button "stat."
Dynamic Check, Push-Button
"dyn."
Principle Circuits of "Check
Modes"
Potentiometer Setting, Push-
Button “Pot.” depressed
Static Porgram Check, Push-
Button "stat." depressed
Zero-Balancing of Operational
Amplifiers, Push-Button "Zero"
depressed
Dynamic Check, Push-Button
"dyn." depressed
Dynamic Zeroing of the Inte-
grators
Testing of Supply Voltages
3-59
3-59
3=59
3-60
3-60
3-60
3-61
3-61
3-62
3-62
3-62
3-63
3-63
3-64
3-65
3-65
3-65
3-66
3-67
3-68
3-68
LIST OF FIGURES
= ee WS
Seeel/i2
Program start and program run
Time diagram of active control
lines of DBG 771 and of digital
adapter unit DZ 772 for program
"It.aut."
Clock generation and timer
control
Functions of the control panel
of the digital control unit
DBG 771
Digital voltmeter display
Rear side . of the digital volt-
meter electronics
Front view of HPO 771
LIST OF TABLES
3.1.2.
3.5.1.
3.6.8.
Address indication on digital
voltmeter display
Measuring sequence of digital
voltmeter .
Supply voltages
Page
3-8
3-52
3-68
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
A Initial Value
APF Analog Patch Panel
BDZ Operating Unit (Control Unit of Slave Computer)
DB Print Instruction
DBG Digital Control Panel (Control Unit of Master Computer)
DE Printer ON
DPF Digital Patch Panel
DVM Digital Voltmeter
DZ 772 Digital Adapter
ERS 702 Electronic Resolver
F Sequences (Operating Condition of a Store)
FA Ink-pen Start (XY-Plotter)
FF Flipflop
GT Basic Clock
H Hold, Hold Instruction
HE Hold-Phase End
HT Manual Clock
IPV Duty Cycle
K Comperator
LSZ Paper-Tape Control Unit
L6, 16 Erase
LZ Space Line
ME Machine Unit (= 10 V)
MF Monoflop
NN Non-Linear Networks
NNT 801 Drawer, Non-Linear Networks
NNT 701 Drawer, Non-Linear Networks
Os Oscilloscope
OD Oscilloscope Blanking
OH Oscilloscope Unblanking
R Computing
RE Computing Phase End
Sch Plotter
SR Shift Register
SR2 Shift Register
St Connector
U Over-amplify
UH Over-amplify Hold
VA Amplifier Selection
VFG Variable Function Generator
Wr Selection Clock
WTR Continue
Sweep Generator
Counter
ZL Counter
ZL 2 Counter
2G Timer
zs Time Constant Control (10 times faster)
LIST OF IMPORTANT DESIGNATIONS AND SYMBOLS
C, Integrator capacitor Cc, = 5000, 500, 50, 5 nF
K, = 1 Integration factor k, = 1, 10, 100, 1000 1/s
C, x R,
ME Machine unit 1ME = 10 V
mn Address, m digit of tenth, n digit of units
— Factor of pause phase Tp = Fp x GT
PR Factor of computing phase T,* Fp x GT
Fe Factor of hold phase Fu = 1
GT Period of basic clock
T> Period of pause phase
Tp Period of computing phase
Ty Period of hold phase
i ieee Input or feedback resistor
Ri9= 20 kOhm
R, = 5 kOhm Resistor within network for initial value
ng" wan Binary values
ais
Operation and Control
The total operation of the computer is centralized in
the digital control unit DBG 771. By means of push-but-
tons and rotary switches on the front plate, all diffe-
rent functions can be controlled for selection of the
computing elements, setting of timers as well as of ope-
ration and program modes. Special control circuits are
provided for all different operation modes, which need
not to be established by patching freely programmable
elements, but by depressing a push-hutton only.
The control possibilities of the computer can be con-
siderably increased when further using a digital adapter
unit, permitting a farmost automation of computing and
output processes as well as an individual control of
integrators and stores.
Except the decoding circuits for the selection posi-
tion, only digital circuits are used for the control
unit. To avoid explanation of technical details within
this section (operation and control) the whole functio-
nal description is given in the technical manual.
The control unit contains three functional groups:
1. Selection
2. Time selection
3. Control
To each functional group, push-buttons or rotary swit-
ches are assigned whose allocation to the respective
functional groups is definitely determined by means
of a respective designation on the front plate (see
annex}.
Additionally, the control unit contains:
4. two push-buttons for central overload
indication and random overload stop
5. Zero-instrument for balancing of the
operational amplifier by means of two
respective push-buttons and balancing
potentiometers.
The control unit supplies the respective signals for
connected output devices and for a possibly connected
digital adapter unit. Further explanations to 1.)-5.)
are given in the following.
The functional groups "Selection" and "Control" can be
remotely controlled by digital signals with respective
coding. In this case, the push-buttons must not be
actuated but indicate the arrival and length of the
respective signals when illuminated.
a Ie
Selection
a GS Fe Ih
Push-Buttons for
Decade Selection of
Computing Elements
3=2
Such remote control is possible when using the computer
within a hybrid computer system, i.e. when used in com-
bination with a digital computer via a hybrid coupling
unit or when connecting a punched-tape control unit
LSZ 100.
All push-buttons of the control unit are normally
locked in depressed position and simultaneously illu-
minate. The push-buttons within one push-button row
thereby release each other. If, however, the remaining
push-buttons within a row should remain in their po-
sitions, the respective individual push-button can be
released by slightly depressing this push-button or
another one of the same row. After activation of a
push-button function, the respective push-button illu-
minates irrespective to a locked position or not (e.g.
when used in combination with other push-buttons, au-
tomatic run, remote control). They again extinguish,
after their function is interrupted by depressing
other push-buttons or caused by automatic control.
Any exceptions as to the locking and release of push-
buttons are mentioned in the respective descriptions.
The selection push-button panel is combined within
a special panel, designated "selection". The selection
also includes the operation of a digital printer.
Also connected to the panel is the respective panel
for setting the values for servo-set coefficient po-
tentiometers. The selection panel contains all push-
buttons for decade selection of the computing elements
and six control push-buttons provided in the lower
left-hand panel field.
. The dynamic behavior of the computing element changes
. during selection because of the connection of the
- Measuring line.
The selection panel contains one push-button row with
six push-buttons, designated P and V, as well as two
rows with ten push-buttons each, designated 0...9.
By depressing a push-button, other push-buttons within
the same row are released. For single push-button re-
lease, a slight touch must be applied. The whole panel
serves for selection of a maximum of 600 computing
elements of three computer racks (three analog patch
panels) with 200 selectable computing elements each.
However, the system must be a combination of a master
computer equipped with control unit DBG 771 and one
or two slave computers without own control unit. Com-
puters with own control unit DBG 771 being switched
in-parallel do not permit a selection from a second
control unit, but in this case must be equipped with
an adapter control unit BDZ 801 instead of DBG 771.
Of the 200 computing elements that can be selected on
each analog patch panel or computer rack, 84 are co-
efficient potentiometers, 9 are controllable supply
voltages, whereas 100 are other elements, such as
operational amplifier, multipliers, function generators
and special addresses. The remaining positions are not
occupied.
se Be
Address Indication on
Digital Voltmeter
Display
The two-decade panel consisting of two push-button
rows with ten push-buttons each, designated 0...9 per-
mit entering of 100 address positions between 00 and 99.
Coefficient potentiometers and supply voltages thereby
are selected via the push-button "P", whereas for amp-
lifiers and other computing elements, push-button "Vv"
is used. Three pairs of push-buttons "P" and "V" are
available, designated 0, 1, and 2. The push-button pair
designated 0 serves for selection of all elements of
the computer in which the control unit is arranged.
The push-button pairs 1 and 2 are for selection of ele-
ments of the slave computer 1 or 2, which are not .
equipped with control units.
This means, that an address for selection consists of
a letter (P or V) and a two-digit number between 00
and 99. The tens position of the address thereby desig-
nates one of the ten fields of the APF, designated 0
to 9, whereas the unit position of the address defines
the output of the computing element or a special con-
nection within this field. The unit position always
corresponds to the jack designation of the field. Since
equal computing elements also have equal unit addresses
(exceptions possible only with center fields 2 and 7),
the addressing system is easy to learn.
Part of the selection is the digital voltmeter display.
After entering an address, it appears in the address
field of the digital voltmeter. Thereby, a few modifi-
cations are possible. E.g. the address is indicated with
three digits, containing the leading computer number
0, 1, or 2 according to the computer address (or APF-
address) for which the push-buttons "P" or "V" were
used.
The computer further contains a real feedback for the
selected computing elements, which is based on a letter
designation. If, for example, no computing element is
available under the selected address (e.g. with partial-
ly equipped computers) the indication of a leading
letter in the address field of the digital voltmeter
does not take place. In all other cases, a letter
appears on first position before the three-digit add-
ress, according to the following table:
Depressed Code Selected Address
letter letter computing tens units
push-button element position position
P P Coefficient 9 =- 9 0 - 7.9
potentiometer (without 2 and
7)
2, 7
P K Supply
voltages 0 - 8 8
V I Integrator,
complementary
integrator,
store, comp-
lementary store,
open amplifier 0-9 0,1,2,
V Ss Summer,
open amplifier 0-9 0-5
Vv s Inverter of 207 7
electronic
resolver
Vv M Modulation 0-9
multiplier (without 2 and 7,8
7)
Vv F Variable
function 0-9 9
generator as (without 2
s inverter and 7)
Vv Z Selectable 0,2,4
jacks on 5,7,9 6
APF
on DPF 7 9
For example, the selection of V (0)11 causes an address feedback 1011 or S011,
depending on the respective operational amplifier being programmed as integrator
or summer.
An exception is given with the servo potentiometers, (units position Op p2eDe0r7) «
In this case, the feedback "P" is not provided by each single potentiometer, but
by the respective potentiometer unit comprising 9 or 10 potentiometers each.
Bs Vedic
Control Push-Buttons
for Selection
Six push-buttons in the lower left-hand panel field
are provided for special tasks in combination with auto-
matic selection or output of output values of selected
computing elements via a connected digital printer.
The push-buttons are explained in the sequence of the
coupled functions:
a)
b)
Push-button "Hand" (manual)
This push-button must be actuated prior to all selec-
tion of addresses which are to be entered manually.
Push-button "Aut." (automatic)
The selection system contains an automatic selection
during which a block of succeeding addresses is
scanned subsequently. The block length is 100 posi-
tions maximum. As start address, any address can be
taken. For operation of the autmatic selection sy-
stem, the following must be observed:
Depress push-button "Hand"(manual) and subsequently
enter the start address between 00 and 99 via the
selection panel.
Depress push-button "Aut." and wait unitl illumina-
tion of the push-button lamp after arrival of the
first selection clock. After one second, the automa-
tic address scanning is started. It is continued
within a 0.5 Hz-clock. On the digital voltmeter dis-
play, any two seconds the complete address designa-
tions of the computing elements subsequently appear
together with the output values being indicated
for visual observation. If a digital voltmeter dis-
play is also to be print-out, refer to the respec-
tive explanations given under push-button "Print-on".
If no final block address is pregiven, the automatic
system continuously scans the addresses until rea-
ching position 99, then returns to the start address
and remains there.This address scanning is also in-
dicated via the subsequently illuminated address
push-buttons. The push-button "Aut." again extin-
guishes after termination of the scanning, and the
lamp of the push-button "Hand" (manual) again illu-
minates.
If after depressing of push-button "Aut." and auto-
matic start any final address with higher number
is entered, the automatic system interrupts the se-
lection after reaching this address. See also the
notes under point 2.
Also in case of automatic selection, the respective-
ly selected address is indicated by illumination of
the respective push-buttons.
. The automatic selection can be stopped at any time
by depressing the push-button "Hand" (manual), cau-
sing the selection to go over to the entered add-
ress.
3=5
6.
CG)
d)
The automatic selection can also be interrupted by
depressing the push-button "Stop". In this case,
push-button "Aut." remains illuminated. After de-
pressing the"Stop"-push-button, which also illumi-
nates, the digital voltmeter is operated periodical-
ly. When again depressing the push-button "Aut.",
the automatic selection continues from the stopped
position to the entered final address or until 99,
with return to the start address or to address 00,
if no push-button was depressed. Further notes see
point 2.
Push-button "Stop"
See also push-button "Aut." point 6. The "Stop"-
push-button cannot be released by depressing the
push-button "Hand"(manual) which causes the selec-
tion to go over to the respective address being en-
tered.
Push-button "Print-on" (printer on)
For print-out of addresses and measuring values
being indicated on the digital voltmeter, a digi-
tal printer can be connected to the computer. When
depressing the push-button "Print-on", a print
instruction is supplied to the digital voltmeter
together with a certain measuring instruction, which
become effective. At the following time points:
1. During operation of the automatic selection
(push-button "Aut."depressed). Each automatically
scanned address is print-out by indicating the
complete address feedback and value. The scanning
clock thereby increases from 0.5 Hz to 2 Hz, so
that scanning, indication and print-out of an
address position takes place within a 0.5 s-
period. If no address feedback takes place, i.e.
element not available within the system, the po-
sition will not be print-out.The manually entered
start address also is not print-out at the
start, but after termination of the scanning se-
quence, after repeated return to the start add-
ress. E.g. in case of 100 positions, print-out
of start address 00 takes place after reaching
position 99.
When entering a final address, no return to the
start address will take place, and thus also a
print-out will not occur. A desired print-out
must then be initiated by shifting the start
address by one position. Print-out of start add-
ress 00 with subsequent entering of a final add-
ress is not possible during automatic mode, and
must be individually carried out by depressing
the push-button Print-instr‘or via the digital
adapter unit.
2. During program modes "Repetitive computing" and
"Automatic iterating computing".
Print-out takes place at the end of the preset
computing time. Print-out of address and address
value thereby takes place within the phase Hold,
(which must be given for at least 100 ms) follo-
wing to the phase computing.
332%
Timers
Seow tie
Programs of the
Digital Control
Unit
e)
£)
3. Automatically after each terminated setting of
a servo-set coefficient potentiometer.
Setting of the potentiometer value takes place
via the setting panel, whereby the setting pro-
cess is initiated by depressing the respective
push-button "POT" located beside.
Then the respective potentiometer address and
the value reached by the servo-set potentiometer
is indicated on the digital voltmeter and print-
out via the printer (not however, the entered
potentiometer value).
Push-button "Druckbef." (print instruction)
By means of this push-button, print-instructions
can be given at any time. In such a case, the re-
spective address being indicated on the digital volt-
meter is print-out together with the address value,
if the push-button "Print-on" previously was actuated.
The push-button "Druckbef."(print-instruction) is
not locking and therefore must be again actuated for
each print-out. A parallel print-instruction is
possible from the digital adapter unit.
Push-button “Extern"
After depressing this push-button, all other push-
buttons of the selection panel become ineffective,
which also applies for the setting panel of the
servo potentiometers.
Simultaneously, a switch-over takes place to exter-
nal address input by using digital signals, which
can be connected via a jack provided on the rear
side of the control unit. Input of servo potentio-
meter setting values is possible via a central
setting line (e.g. from a hybrid coupling unit).
By depressing the push-buttons "Hand" (manual) or
"Aut." (automatic), the effect of the push-button
"Extern" can be cancelled. Normally, the push-but-
ton "Extern" is used within hybrid computer systems
or when using a punched-tape control unit.
The digital control unit contains fixed-wired programs
for control of integrators or stores. A detailed des-
cription is given in section 3.3. In the following,
a general survey is given.
On the front panel of the digital control unit, there
are two vertical push-button rows arranged within a
field, designated "Control".
The following programs can be set via the left-hand
row:
Program Push-button
Continuous Dauer
Computation with Hold mit Halt
Repetitive computation Repet.
Autmatic iterative computation It.aut.
Manual iterative computation It.Hand
The following operation modes can be entered via the
right-hand push-button row:
Operation mode
Push-button
Pause
Compute
Hold
Continue
Pause
Rechnen
Halt
Weiter
After depressing the push-button "Compute", the selec-
ted program is started, beginning with a 1/0-edge of
the basic clock. Thereby, a delay time
3.2.1/1) is given due to
0.5 and 2 seconds (see Fig.
relay switching times.
t, between
Push-button
Push-button Push-button ‘ te
‘ Hold” or
“Pause” Compute “Pause”
depre: sao
depressed ssed depre
—s At Program run —a
Machine time
Fig.
t
3.2.1/1 Program start and program end
A program is characterized by a certain phase se-
quence. One distinguishes between:
a) Phase Pause 1, phase endurance T,! j
Phase Compute 1,phase endurance TR! L with normal inte-
grators
Phase Hold 1, phase endurance Ty)
a
b) Phase Pause 2, phase endurance T,2 ]
Phase Compute 2,phase endurance Tp with complementary
> integrators
Phase Hold 2, phase endurance T,?
2
For the programs "Continuous","with Hold", "“Repet." on-
ly the phases of group a)are of importance, thereby
index 1 can be omitted. During a phase,the control sig-
nals of the active control lines (e.g. r, h, r, h, 2G1)
have a constant value of binary 1 or binary 0.
The phase endurance is set on the digital control unit
in the respective field designated with"time selection".
The upper field half thereby is used for the phases
of group a), with phase endurance T,1, This Ti) or Tp
T., T,- The lower field half is provided for” the a
pRase of group b) with the phase endurance Tp2, Tp?r
Ty20 respectively.
In the following, the programs of the digital control
unit are outlined:
1) Program "Continuous computation"
The program starts with the Pause-phase, followed
by a computing phase, which is unlimitted by the
program and thus is not depending on the setting of
the timers.
2) Program “Compute with Hold"
Program run: Phase Pause, phase Compute, phase Hold.
The Hold-phase is independent from the timer setting.
It can be terminated by depressing the push-button
"Continue". Then, phase Compute and phase Hold are
following.
3) Program "Repetitive computation”
The program consists of a sequence of same cycles.
Each cycle contains three phases in the following
time sequence: Pause, Compute, Hold.
4) Programs "Automatic iterative computation" and
"Manual interative computation".
These programs consist of an alternative sequence
of two cycles which are controlled by a normal and
complementary computing circuit.
a) Normal computing circuit
normal
partial cycle
Pause phase
Z 1
normal partial
cycle
Pause phase
Z 1
b) Complementary computing circuit
Pause phase
Z 2
complementary
partial cycle
Pause phase
Z 2
complementary
partial cycle
Machine time t*
In their timely sequence, the cycles are composed
of following phases:
a) normal partial cycle
phase Pause 1, phase Compute 1, phase Hold 1
b) complementary partial cycle
phase Pause 2, phase Compute 2, phase Hold 2
Whereas one computing circuit performs a cycle, the
other has a Pause-phase, which is abbreviated Z 1 or
Z 2. The normal partial cycle is identical to the cycle
of the program "Repetitive computation", since an in-
tegrator with certain wiring of its control inputs
performs the same computing operations during a cycle
of program "Repet." and during a normal partial cycle
of program "It.aut."
ig—_———._ 1st cycle > 2nd cycle
Kt—15t iteration clock—p}¢- 279 it pg 3rd iteration clock shld
clock clock
Push-button Tp2-o| je Tp2
“Pause” At Th - @—T 2
depressed —e » i ‘all 42
eT oe —T 1 eT 2) eT ,1 Py Pe —
Basic clocks }
«17 e
ont CUPL Put
ot2 ut OU UU
Control lines 17
of APF o
i)
1
f 0
1
h i)
"
—
a 1
ty)
Operation conditions of »g J
H 4 71 — i 74
integrators / P=A cal — ~
WR 4
complementary» | H 4 22
integrators J P=A
F 4 A
H 4
stores A
3 4 8
complementary H 4
stores A
t . a
Pp tee
os 1+
. C)
fal |
0.
4
hi=
2G2 0
2 .
1 —
n2 =ZG5 0
Timer 1
zG1 o
zG2=h1 }
zos—tséd
2G4 qv
uv
1 —
ZG5eh2 .
ZG6 =
Normal
ie jormal partia' '
partial cycle 1 ss Complementary
Complementary cycle partial cycle
partial cycie
t——$>
Due to graphic reasons, GT 1/GT2 given in a ration of 1:2.
Practically, this ratio can be set only in powers of tens.
Fig. 3.20172
Time diagram of active control lines of DGB 771 and of
digital adapter unit DZ 772 for program "It.aut."
Se wiees
Setting of Timers
All clocks for computer programs as well as for control
of the digital elements in the digital adapter unit
are centrally generated in the control unit. All freely
selectable clocks thereby can be set by means of ten
rotary switches provided on the front plate.
All different clocks are derived from the 100 kHz ba-
sic clock of a central crystal oscillator. Two basic
clocks GT1 and GT2 are generated by means of a 5-stage
frequency divider which permits independent clock set-
ting to 1 kHz, 100 Hz, 10 Hz and 1 Hz. Accordingly,
the designation of the two rotary switches for basic
clock 1 and 2 are 1 ms, 10 ms, 100 ms and 1 s. Be-
cause of the operating condition "10x faster",which
for example can be set by depressing the push-button
"10x", an additional basic clock of 0.1 ms = 10 kHz
is reached in switch position "1Ims". Each of the basic
clocks thereby influences three digital timers, (see
Fig. 3.2.2.).The timers 1,2 or 4,5 can be preset bet-
ween 1 and 100 by means of two rotary switches, where-
as timers 3 and 6 are fixed to 1. The timers are con-
trolled by the preset basic clock in a fixed sequence,
by counting reverse from the preset position. After
reaching Zero-position, they supply the different sig-
nals for control of computing elements via central
control lines.
The settable time results from a multiplication of the
timer setting by the setting of the respective basic
clock. The respective computing condition of the sy-
stem is indicated via three lamps provided in the upper
and lower half of the time selection panel:
Yellow lamp on: Pause phase 1 or 2 effective
or push-button"Pause"depressed
Green lamp on: Computing phase 1 or 2 effective
Red lamp on: Hold phase 1 or 2 effective
or push-button "Hold" depressed
or Hold-control operative.
By depressing the push-button "10x" in the manual poten-
tiometer field, the basic clocks GT1 and GT2 are re-
duced by the factor 10 (e.g. from 1 ms to 100 us). Thus,
the times of all timers are also shortened by factor
10.
Together with time shortening, the integration factors
of the integrators are enlarged by factor 10 because
of the integrator capacitor switch-over (e.g from Ky =
100 s-1 to k, = 1000 s~1). This means, that a fast-
time scale by factor 10 is reached after depressing
the push-button "10x", or a slow-time scale by factor
10, after the depressed push-button "10x" is again
released.
Timer 1 Timer 2 Timer 3
Pause 1 Compute 1 Hold 1
F F 5
p
1... 100 1 8 100 1"
Basic clock 1
9,1 = “~" A N. Normai repetitive clock
10 .ms or Ist iteration clock, resp.
100
1000 “
Sire GT x Fp = Pause time
Oscillator GT x F, = Compute time
fo = 100 kHz GT x F,, = Hold time
are
10 is
100 =
1000 N Y Y
Basic clock 2
F = F
P R H
1... 100 1... 100 1 2nd iteration clock
Pause 2 Compute 2 Hold 2
Timer 4 Timer 5 Timer 6
* Only during operation mode ‘10x faster”
Fig.
3.2.2. Clock generation
and timer control
The operation mode "10xfaster" can be controlled also
by the DPF, see also 3.4.3.
Example:
Setting of the Pause-phase endurance
For example, Pause-phase 1 is given as to the operation
in the "time selection"-field, whereby the black desig-
mation of the field is valid. The settings of both
rotary switches for timer 1 result in factor F, (see
Fig. 3.2.2) according to the black designation. The
factor being within 1 and 100 must be multiplied by
the setting of the rotary switch for basic clock 1.
The phase endurance is resulting, if the computer is
not operated "10xfaster". In this condition, the phase
length is smaller by the factor 0.1 than the read
value. Setting of phases between 0.1 ms and 100 s with
two digits is possible.
The time setting for other phases takes place accor-
dingly, except the phases Hold 1 and Hold 2, which are
identical to the times of basic clock 1 and basic clock
ae
Phase Time period settable by means of
Pause 1 Timer 1 two digit
Pause 2 Timer 4 two digit
Compute 1 Timer 2 two digit
Timer 2 and 1 four digit
Compute 2 Timer 5 two digit
Hold 1 Basic clock 1 one digit
Hold 2 Basic clock 2 one digit
The white designation of the time selection panel refers
to the four-digit setting of phase Compute 1, whereas
the black designation is used for all other phases.
Four-digit setting of computing phase length
The four-digit setting is limitted to the program types
"Repetitive computation" and "Compute with hold". The
rotary switches of timer 1 which otherwise are used
for setting of the time period T,1 are used also for
setting the computing phase. The white designation
becomes valid, the rotary switch for basic clock 1
must be set to 10 ms or to 1 ms. With regard to the
white designation, the setting of timers 2 and 1 results
in factors by sum formation, which are between 1 and
10 000.
ee Ie
Control Elements
on Digital Control
Unit
This factor must be multiplied by the setting of the
rotary switch for basic clock 1. If not set to opera-
tion mode "10xfaster", the computing time is resulting.
Computing phase lengths between 0.1 ms and 100 s are
possible. The Pause-phase length cannot be set, it is
determined to 1 s. The time period of the Hold-phase
amounts to approx. 1 s.
For four-digit setting of the computing phase period,
the time sweep generator (jacks Z on APF) is switched-
off.
The control panel for setting of operation modes, com-
puting programs and test operations is combined in a
push-button panel designated "Steuerung" (control).
The two push-button rows thereby are allocated as fol-
lows:
The left-hand push-button row contains all functions
for program selection. The push-buttons, however, do
not initiate active processes but are used only for
respective preparation. The push-buttons of the right-
hand push-button row are used for active functions
(operation modes) which partially must be prepared
by actuating respective push-buttons of the left-hand
row. This arrangement provides a better information
about the operating conditions of the computer and
furthermore enables a more flexible remote control
of the modes. The latter is especially important when
using the computer within a hybrid computer system,
in which a digital computer supplies coded instructions
for selection of the computing program and for dif-
ferent settings within the programs to the control unit
via direct control lines.
All push-buttons illuminate when depressed, and also
if not depressed but if the respective program or
operation mode is activated by remote control.
The colors of the push-buttons are allocated as follows:
green push-buttons
left-hand: presetting of computing programs,
right-hand: compute start, continue instruction
yellow push-buttons
left-hand: external program control
right-hand: operation modes Pause and potentiometer
setting
red push-buttons operation mode Hold
white push-buttons
left-hand: setting for self and external control
right-hand: setting for balancing and testing
LLL yaad 3fuUN ToazaqUOD [eITbTp FO Taued TorRzUOD |YyR Fo suoTjoUNT ‘*¢*e “STA
‘jeued indul-anjea pasisap ay2 UO ,, 1Od,, YOIING-ysnd eur
Buissaisdap 19a}ye AjuO pajsejs SI $19} 901} Ua}Od 1aS-OAIeS AYR 40) ssed0id Buljlas ayy “Bulies
49] WON US}Od 105 Ja}NdWOD Bojeue ay) jo UOIjeJedaid [Os]UO0D sjIWJad uoing-ysnd siyy (1
C voHonsysul anuljuos JBLIOMK - —— {04,U09 jeUsal xy Pplwai4
{e) Ploy yey : ' j JO1,U09-}jas WesbOoig uabig
8
o
= 4 (suoiing-ysnd : PUL} j,, 10 ,, 7NE),, 40 ,, yedey,, .
cd uonseajes weiBold ein peiedesd uaUuyseaY sweshosd 10} Ajuo papuawwooes 46014
= SwesGoid 40 11e}s 81) UOJeEINdWOD ‘ {O43U09 WesGoid jeuiayx3
&
7 L (Gurjas anjea jeniul) = esneg asneg > ow ; VOHEINGWOD sAIeJe}! jenueyy pueH ‘3
Gurnsey siweudg "uAp UOeINdWOS aAIje49}! DeWOINY *yne ‘1
Buijse) wesGoid sneis *je1s uorjeindwios sanieday ‘jaday
Suaiyijduse jeuoiesado jo Bulouejeq-0187 HON PIOY YIM ayndwoD EH yw
uolnesedo isay
A
| {1 Bunjas 491 8WO!NUAIOYg "10g uoreindwos snonuiju0g saneg
vonsun4 juolng-ysng
wes6os uoqvNg-ysn
ems ee!” d NEN
Jayndwios Bojeue jo sapow UOoNeiado jo VONDAajaS 4ayndwod Bojeue jo sadAi weisGoid 1a3ndwiod jo UoNsajag
Sapow uoleisdoO uonoejas wesb014
3-16
Pesos
Push-Buttons for
Mode Control:
"Pause", "Compute","Hold",
"Continue"
If computing runs within preselected programs are
started in one of the two modes for computation (push-
buttons "Compute" and "Continue"), the function group
"Control" and "Time selection" are combined. The same
applies for operation mode "dynamic testing" of the
integrators. (Push-button "dyn.").
Prior to the following description of the push-button
functions of the "Control#“panel, it is necessary
to point-out to the different functional behavior bet-
ween the
operation condition of the computer
with the different modes"Pause", "Compute", "Hold",
according to the depressed mode push-buttons
and the
computing run in the computer,
which in the compute mode consists of the subsequent
following phases "Pause", "Compute", "Hold" or
variations thereof.
Push-button "Pause" (operation mode "Pause")
By depressing the yellow push-button "Pause", all pre-
viously started computing runs being either in the
phases "Pause", "Compute" or "Hold" (push-buttons "Com-
pute" or "Continue") or in operation mode "Hold" (push-
button “Hold" depressed), are terminated and replaced
by the "Pause"-mode. All cther push-buttons of the same
row are released and thus also other operation modes
are replaced by "Pause"-mode. In this mode, all inte-
grators and stores carry out the initial condition
programmed on the APF (charging of computing or storing
capacitors to initial value). In the "Pause"-phase,
only the integrators take-over the initial conditions.
During operation mode "Pause", programming is effected
on the analog patch panel, whereas program selection
takes place on the left-hand push-button row of the
control field. When switching-on the computer by means
of the push-button "On", the push-button "Pause" also
should be depressed.
Push-button "Compute" (operation mode "Computation"
By depressing the gree push-button "Compute", all compu-
ting runs are started whose program previously was pre-
pared by means of the green program selection push-
buttons of the left-hand push-button row. When depres-
sing the push-button "Compute", the previously set modes
"Pause" or "Hold" are replaced and the respective push-
buttons are released.
All computing runs are started after depressing the
push-button "Compute" with a Pause-phase T_, whose
period was fixed by means of the rotary switch setting
in the "time selection"-field (timer 1 and basic clock
1 or timer 4 and basic clock 2). The length of the de-
sired computing phase Ty is preset by a respective
rotary switch setting “~ of timer 2 and basic clock 1
or timer 5 and basic clock 2, respectively. The "Com-
pute"-mode is terminated by the "Pause"-mode (take-over
of new initial conditions for integrators and stores,
patched on the APF). This takes place by depressing
the push-button "Pause".
The "Compute"-mode is interrupted by different control
instructions and replaced by the mode "Hold" (integra-
tors maintain the momentarily given output voltages,
as stated in the following section under 1 to 5).
Push-button "Hold" (operation mode "Hold")
By depressing the red push-button "Hold", all computing
runs during the "Compute"-phase are interrupted and
go to operating condition "Hold". The integrators and
stores thereby maintain the respective momentary output
voltage. If during actuation of the "Hold"-push-button,
a computing run is in the phases "Pause" or "Hold",
these phases will follow. A repeated start of the com-
puting run is then possible only by releasing the push-
button "Hold" via the push-button "Compute"or "Pause"
and subsequent actuation of the "Compute"-push-button.
The following possibilities are given to interrupt the
"Compute"-mode and to replace it by the mode "Hold"
or phase "Hold":
1. By depressing the push-button "Hold"
2. By patching relay ground to the white jack H with
green diagonal in field 2 or 7 on the APF.
3. By connecting binary "0" to jack II on the digital
patch panel of the digital adapter unit.
4. By means of an overload of a computing element, if
the white push-button "with Hold" located beside
the red push-button "UU" on the left-hand front
panel was actuated, (white push-button illuminates).
5. After the preset time T
if the programs "with
entered.
of the "Compute”-phase,
- Hold" or "It.Hand" were
The following possibilities are given to again clear
the "Hold"-operation mode:
1. By depressing the push-button "Compute" precondi-
tion is however, that the push-button "Hold" was
depressed during the "Compute"-phase.
a)
b)
Program type "Continuous computing" (push-button
"Continuous"). Computation is started from the mo-
mentary values.
From this time on, a time sweep voltage is used.
Further program types
(push-buttons "with Hold", “Repet.","It.aut.",
"It.Hand"):
Computation starts with the momentarily reached
values. According to the setting of GT1 or GT2,
up to 2 x basic clock time is loss for the preset
computing time T,1 or T.2. A time sweep voltage is
started at the reached values, but because of
the missing computing time (which is not considered
by the saw tooth generator) does no longer reach
value 1 (+ 10 V) at the end of the "Compute"-phase.
To prevent this error, a respective computing time
setting should be used for the program "with Hold",
to replace the depression of push-button "Hold",
e.g. for observing intermediate values. A repeated
computation start then takes place by means of the
push-button "Continue",
. By depressing the push-button "Pause".
By depressing the push-button "Continue".
Only in combination with the programs "with Hold"
or "It.Hand", during which the "Hold"-phase is auto-
matically reached after a preset time TR: The com-
puting run is then continued with the phase com-
pute, (based on the momentarily reached values) or
with the phase "Pause". If previously the "Hold"-
push-button was depressed, the limitation under 1b
must be observed (can be avoided by basic clock
synchronous holding and starting via the DPF).
By removing the relay ground on the APF from the
white jack H with gree diagonal in fields 2 and 7.
Then a computing run interrupted in the "Compute"-
phase is continued with phase "Compute" without
intermediate "Pause"-phase. Limitations are given
as mentioned under 1b (see push-button "Compute",
see also 3.).
By removing the binary "0" from the red jack H on
the DPF of the digital adapter unit. Then a compu-
ting run interrupted in the "“Compute"-phase is
continued with phase "Compute" without intermediate
"Pause"-pahse. Limitations are given as mentioned
under 1 b (see push-button “Compute",see also 3.).
. After "Hold" caused by overload of a computing
element.
a) By depressing the push-button "Pause" and removal
of the overload. Repeated start is then possible
by depressing the push-button "Compute".
b) By releasing the large white push-button “with
Hold" at the left-hand side of the control unit.
i a ae
Push-Buttons for
Program Selection:
"Dauer" (co